The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a a Eurasian political, economic and security organization. In terms of geographic scope and population, it is the world's largest regional organization, covering approximately 60% of the area of Eurasia, 40% of the world population, and more than 30% of global GDP.

The SCO is governed by the Heads of State Council (HSC), its supreme decision-making body, which meets once a year.

Membership

Putin’s regime now faces a difficult choice; the war is dragging on and its undersupplied forces are likely becoming demoralized as they come under pressure from Ukraine’s well-organized and well-armed army. Putin now essentially has three options.

Ranking of EU countries by number of billionaires

1. Germany
2. Italy
3. Sweden
4. France
5. Spain
6. Austria
7. Netherlands
8. Czech Republic
9. Ireland
10. Denmark
11. Finland
12. Poland
13. Portugal
14. Cyprus
15. Greece
16. Belgium
17. Bulgaria
18. Romania
19. Slovakia
20. Estonia
21. Hungary

Germany

As of 2022, there are 43 sovereign states in the world with a monarch as head of state, 13 in Asia, 12 in Europe, 9 in the Americas, 6 in Oceania and 3 in Africa.

Common wealth realms

Membres de plein droit

1. Antigua and Barbuda
2. Australia
3. Bahamas
4. Bangladesh
5. Barbados
6. Belize
7. Botswana
8. Brunei
9. Cameroon
10. Canada
11. Cyprus
12. Dominica
13. Eswatini
14. Fiji
15. Gabon
16. Gambia
17. Ghana
18. Grenada
19. Guyana
20. India
21. Jamaica
22. Kirubati
23. Lesotho
24. Malawi
25. Malaysia
26. Maldives
27. Malta

The “Russian World” is an imagined community defined in national and cultural terms to include both Russians in Russia and their “Russian-speaking compatriots” abroad. The concept consciously relativizes the borders between nations states and is used to justify the “protective” role of the Russian Federation toward Russian-speaking minorities abroad, especially in the states of the former Soviet Union.

Alphabetical Listing

Kazakhstan Trading Partners

% of total trade

1. Italy 14.54%
2. China: 13.55%
3. Russia: 9.71%
4. Netherlands: 7.61%
5. France: 6.32% 

Kyrgyztan Trading Partners

% of total trade

1. United KIngdom: 41.95%
2. Kazakhstan: 17.47%
3. Russia: 14;16%
4. Uzbekistan: 6.99%
5. Turkey: 4.52%

Turkmenistan Trading Partners

Russia’s war in Ukraine has become an existential geopolitical challenge for all former Soviet republics. Uzbekistan’s formulation and expression of a position on the war has been difficult in an ethical and political sense. Positioning on this matter is also a serious test for the strategic partnership and unity of Central Asian states.